What is the function of lead aprons in X-ray procedures?

The function of lead aprons in X-ray procedures is primarily to protect patients and staff from scatter radiation. Scatter radiation is a byproduct of X-ray imaging; as X-rays penetrate the body, some of them can scatter in different directions, potentially exposing individuals nearby to unnecessary radiation. Lead aprons serve as a physical barrier, absorbing a significant portion of this scatter radiation and reducing the risk of radiation exposure to the vital organs and tissues of both patients and healthcare personnel.

This safety measure is critical in X-ray environments, where individuals may be frequently exposed to radiation. The use of lead aprons contributes to the principles of radiation protection, specifically the ALARA principle, which stands for "As Low As Reasonably Achievable." This principle underscores the importance of minimizing radiation exposure whenever possible, thereby enhancing safety for everyone involved in the X-ray procedure.